EN DE

Bank of China Limited (601988) Fair Value & Analysis

Financial Services · CN · Market cap 1.9T CNY (≈ $282B) · ISIN CNE000001N05

What is Bank of China Limited really worth?

BO Bank of China Limited 601988 · SHG
Price¥6.57
Fair Value¥11.24
Upside+71.1%
Quality58/100

A solid business, trading 42% below our fair value of ¥11.24.

Watch Bank of China Limited for free, get notified when fair value or trend changes. Plus fair value for all 35,000+ stocks, 14 days of Pro free, no card. Watch for free

Strengths

Highly profitable · 43.3% net margin
Low debt · generates free cash flow
Ranks above peers (10/14)
Wide moat 65/100

Risks

!Weak Growth (revenue 5y +3.1 %/yr)
!Evidence only low, so the estimate is less certain

For context

·3.44% dividend yield
Evidence: Low Range ¥8.43 – ¥14.05

Fair value as of: Aug 28, 2026

From 6 valuation models · updated 8 days ago

Share price +14.7% over the past month.

What runs behind every stock

69 individual criteria per stock, every one traceable See the method →

What matters now

  • The price is below even our cautious bear case (¥8.43). The market is more pessimistic than our downside scenario.
  • The large gap to fair value rests on thin data (low evidence): fewer applicable models and a shorter history. Read it with extra caution.
  • Solid quality (58/100) at a price below fair value, the discount is the argument here, not the business quality.
  • For a financial, book-value and earnings-based methods matter more than a cash-flow DCF, which fits banks and insurers poorly.

Price vs Fair Value (5 years)

¥6.68 ¥2.61 Fair Value ¥11.24 Mar 2021 Sep 2026

White line = price, green steps = our fair value per fiscal year, dashed = 300-day average. As of Aug 28, 2026.

How to read this chart

60‑month range ¥2.61 – ¥6.68 · fair‑value band ¥8.43 – ¥14.05 · the ¥6.57 price screens below the ¥11.24 fair value. Green steps = our fair value per fiscal year (point-in-time, no hindsight). Dashed = 300-day average. As of Aug 28, 2026.

Full chart & analysis →

Which stocks are undervalued right now? Check free Discover now →

Analysis

Bank of China Limited (601988) currently trades at ¥6.57, while our model-based Fair Value estimate is ¥11.24, implying the stock looks roughly 41.5% undervalued today. The Quality Score stands at 58/100 (solid quality), in the Financial Services sector. Bull case: the Multiples group reads highest at a median of ¥9.80 per share, and 5 of the 6 models we run sit above the ¥6.57 price. Bear case: the Asset-Based group reads lowest at ¥6.37, and 1 of the 6 models stay below the price. Evidence for this calculation is low.

Over the trailing twelve months, Bank of China Limited generated revenue of 567B CNY at a net margin of 43.3%. Revenue grew 5.9% year over year. It earns a return on equity of 8.4%. The balance sheet holds a net cash position of 1.6T CNY. Fundamentals as of Aug 28, 2026

Our scenario range runs from ¥8.43 (bear case) to ¥14.05 (bull case); at ¥6.57, the current price sits below that range. Bear and bull are the same models run on conservative and optimistic assumptions (margins, growth, valuation multiples), so a plausible valuation range, not a price target. The share trades near its 52-week high and 28% above its 52-week low, currently above its 200-day average. For context, the median of 10 Financial Services peers we cover trades at −10% fair-value upside, at 71%, 601988 screens cheaper than that median.

Fair Value models

This estimate rests on fiscal year 2025 figures, and about 8 months have passed since. In that time the company retained roughly ¥0.3492 per share, which is 3.1 % of the fair value. The fair value deliberately does not add this in: the models value reported figures, not a projection.

Each model estimates fair value its own way; the Fair Value above is the evidence-weighted, family-balanced blend. Evidence (0–100) measures how completely this model’s inputs are available: well-fed models carry more weight in the blend. The spread across models is intentional, each one stresses a different value driver; dividend models, for instance, come out structurally low when payout is small. Every input is real reported data, nothing guessed.

Model Bear Bear = the cautious scenario: the same model computed with conservative anchors (lower growth, margins and valuation multiples). Together with Bull it frames a plausible valuation range, not a price target.BaseBull Bull = the optimistic scenario: the same model computed with favourable anchors (higher growth, margins and valuation multiples). Together with Bear it frames a plausible valuation range, not a price target. Evidence
Highest evidence
Residual Income best evidence ¥8.08 ¥8.71 ¥10.35 73
DDM Multi-Stage ¥4.28 ¥6.95 ¥9.73 62
Gordon GGM ¥4.28 ¥9.34 ¥15.71 61
All 6 models by family
Dividend Discount
Gordon GGM ¥4.28 ¥9.34 ¥15.71 61
DDM Multi-Stage ¥4.28 ¥6.95 ¥9.73 62
Multiples
P/E Multiple ¥7.35 ¥9.80 ¥12.26 61
P/B Multiple ¥9.62 ¥12.82 ¥16.03 53
Asset-Based
NCAV (Graham) ¥4.75 ¥6.37 ¥9.51 52
Economic Profit
Residual Income best evidence ¥8.08 ¥8.71 ¥10.35 73

Widest divergence: Multiples (¥9.80) versus Asset-Based (¥6.37). Highest evidence: Residual Income (73).

Notify me when 601988 reaches fair value

Put 601988 on your watchlist. We get in touch as soon as price and fair value meet or the trend turns.

Set up alert →

Free, no payment details. Unsubscribe anytime in one click.

Key figures & financial health

P/E ratio 7.9 as of Jul 15, 2026
P/S ratio 2.93 P/E × margin
EPS (TTM) ¥0.7400 price ÷ EPS = P/E 7.9
Dividend yield 3.4% payout 30.5%
Net margin 37.0% FY2025
Return on equity 8.4% TTM
More key figures
Profitability
Return on assets (EBIT) 1.1% avg 5y
Operating margin 53.1% TTM
Growth
Revenue (TTM) 567B CNY TTM
Revenue growth (YoY) +5.9% 3y avg −13.2%
Balance sheet & cash flow
Free cash flow 761B CNY FY2025
Net cash 1.6T CNY FY2024

Figures from reported company fundamentals · as of Aug 28, 2026. TTM = trailing twelve months.

Quality Score breakdown

Overall quality 58/100

Of which business quality 59 · Market factors (momentum, volatility) 72

Profitability 33
Margins and returns on capital today
Quality Growth 58
Are margins and returns improving?
Cashflow 100
Earnings quality: real cash, not paper profit
Fin. Strength 38
Balance sheet, leverage, solvency risk
Investment 59
Disciplined investing over empire-building
Low Volatility 94
Calm price path (market factor)
Momentum 56
Price trend over the last 3–12 months (market factor)
52W Momentum 77
Distance to the 52-week high (market factor)
Net Issuance 70
Buybacks instead of dilution

Non-valuation factor families (profitability, growth, cashflow, financial strength, momentum …), each academically grounded. Valuation itself sits in the Fair Value and is deliberately excluded here to avoid double-counting.

All values are scores from 0 to 100 (100 = best against fixed, research-based bands), not percentages. The three market factors (momentum, 52-week proximity, low volatility) are displayed but carry zero weight in the headline number: market sentiment is not a business property.

About the company

Bank of China Limited, together with its subsidiaries, provides various banking and financial services in Chinese Mainland, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and internationally. The company operates through six segments: Corporate Banking, Personal Banking, Treasury Operations, Investment Banking, Insurance, and Other.

Full company description

Bank of China Limited, together with its subsidiaries, provides various banking and financial services in Chinese Mainland, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and internationally. The company operates through six segments: Corporate Banking, Personal Banking, Treasury Operations, Investment Banking, Insurance, and Other. The Corporate Banking segment provides current accounts, deposits, overdrafts, loans, payments and settlements, trade-related products, and other credit facilities, as well as foreign currency, derivative, and wealth management products for corporate customers, government authorities, and financial institutions. The Personal Banking segment offers savings deposits, personal loans, credit cards and debit cards, payments and settlements, wealth management, and funds and insurance agency services to retail customers. The Treasury Operations segment offers foreign exchange transactions, customer-based interest rate, and foreign exchange derivative transactions, as well as money market transactions, proprietary trading, and asset and liability management. The Investment Banking segment provides debt and equity underwriting and financial advisory, sale and trading of securities, stock brokerage, investment research, asset management services, and private equity investment services. The Insurance segment provides underwriting services for general and life insurance business, and insurance agency services. In addition, it operates debt-to-equity swaps and other supporting, and aircraft and financial leasing business. The company was founded in 1912 and is headquartered in Beijing, China.

Company description, as reported by the company or data provider.

Revenue & earnings trend

FY2021 – FY2025 · reported fiscal years

Bank of China Limited reported revenue of 657B CNY in FY2025 versus 968B CNY in FY2021, a compound −9.2%/yr. Reported net income was 243B CNY in FY2025, compounding +2.9%/yr from FY2021.

Growth Quality 40/100
Revenue growth is weak, negative or inconsistent.
Latest Revenue (FY 2025)
657B CNY
Latest YoY
−47.5%
Avg. revenue growth/yr (3Y) Measures the company's TOTAL revenue from reported annual statements: compound average growth per year (CAGR) from the fiscal year 3, 5 or N years back to the most recent comparable fiscal year. Not per share: buybacks do not change this number, and a merger can appear as a growth jump.
−13.2%
Avg. revenue growth/yr (5Y) Measures the company's TOTAL revenue from reported annual statements: compound average growth per year (CAGR) from the fiscal year 3, 5 or N years back to the most recent comparable fiscal year. Not per share: buybacks do not change this number, and a merger can appear as a growth jump.
+3.1%
Avg. revenue growth/yr (22Y) Measures the company's TOTAL revenue from reported annual statements: compound average growth per year (CAGR) from the fiscal year 3, 5 or N years back to the most recent comparable fiscal year. Not per share: buybacks do not change this number, and a merger can appear as a growth jump.
+7.5%
Value creation/yr (5Y) Earnings growth per share (CAGR 5 years) plus dividend yield: value created per share and year.
+6.8% (3.4 + 3.4)
Revenue −9.2%/yr
FY21 968B CNY
FY22 1.0T CNY
FY23 1.2T CNY
FY24 1.3T CNY
FY25 657B CNY
Net income +2.9%/yr
FY21 217B CNY
FY22 227B CNY
FY23 232B CNY
FY24 238B CNY
FY25 243B CNY
Character of growth · EPS growth decomposed (2013-2024) +3.0 % p.a.
Revenue per share +10.3 %

of which total revenue +11.2 % · buybacks/dilution −0.8 %

EBIT margin −7.4 %
Tax rate +1.0 %
Residual (interest, one-offs) −0.2 %

Annual growth per factor. These are factors, not summands: multiplied they give the EPS growth rate, added they do not quite. Start and end points are 3-year averages (details on hover).

Watch 601988: get an alert when its fair value changes →

Share or link this analysis
𝕏 Post WhatsApp LinkedIn Reddit
For bloggers & editors: embed code + live data

For bloggers, editors and developers: paste this into your site or blog (a “Custom HTML” block in WordPress), it shows the current fair value and links back here. Free, plain HTML, and welcome. Full data streams (CSV/JSON) at /developers.

Cite: Fair Value Calculator (2026). "Bank of China Limited Fair Value". https://www.fairvalue-calculator.com/stock/601988

Earlier news

External third-party headlines (Yahoo Finance, Reuters and others), not an editorial selection.

Peer Group

Banks - Diversified · 48 stocks

How this stock ranks against its industry: the green marker is this stock, the band is the typical 25–75% peer range, and the tick is the median.

Quality Score 61 · Above median
Fair Value upside +71% · Top 25%
Return on equity (TTM) 8% · Bottom 25%
Return on assets 1% · Below median
Net margin (TTM) 43% · Top 25%
Operating margin (TTM) 53% · Above median
Revenue growth 6% · Above median
Dividend yield (TTM) 3.4% · Below median
Debt / equity 0.38× · Lower than median

Valuation Multiples vs Banks - Diversified median · lower = cheaper

P/E (TTM) 7.9× · Cheaper than 75% of peers
P/B 0.62× · Cheaper than 75% of peers
P/S (TTM) 3.34× · Cheaper than median
P/FCF 0.4× · Cheaper than 75% of peers
PEG 1.55× · Pricier than median

Strength profile in five axes (Snowflake)

Five quick dimensions, each 0 to 100: VALUE (fair-value potential), FUTURE (revenue growth), PAST (return on equity), HEALTH (low debt), DIVIDEND (yield). Green = this stock, grey = typical sector peer.

VALUEFUTUREPASTHEALTHDIVIDEND
This stock
VALUEFUTUREPASTHEALTHDIVIDEND
Sector peers
VALUE100 · sector 14
FUTURE30 · sector 25
PAST33 · sector 42
HEALTH81 · sector 48
DIVIDEND69 · sector 70

Values & ESG

Does this company touch areas you may want to avoid? The classification is inferred from sector and industry.

None of the checked exposures detected

Similar stocks

10 more Banks - Diversified stocks, each showing price versus our Fair Value estimate (as of Aug 28, 2026).

Stock Price Fair Value vs Fair Value
JPMorgan Chase & Co JPM $354.22 $217.97 −38%
Bank of America Corporation BAC $61.17 $50.87 −17%
China Construction Bank Corporation 601939 ¥10.55 ¥18.21 +73%
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited 601398 ¥7.86 ¥14.44 +84%
HSBC Holdings HSBC $103.14 $75.89 −26%
Agricultural Bank of China Limited 601288 ¥6.79 ¥12.94 +91%
Royal Bank of Canada RY C$283.11 C$151.80 −46%
Wells Fargo & Company WFC $86.69 $79.60 −8%
Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group MUFG $22.90 $20.50 −10%
Citigroup Inc C $132.90 $117.65 −11%

Compare Bank of China Limited with another stock

Price, fair value, quality and upside side by side.

Free, no sign-up

Explore undervalued stocks

More undervalued Financial Services stocks →

All undervalued stocks TechnologyFinancial ServicesHealthcareConsumer CyclicalConsumer DefensiveCommunication ServicesIndustrialsEnergyBasic MaterialsReal EstateUtilities Deeply Undervalued StocksUndervalued Blue-Chip StocksUndervalued Small-Cap StocksUndervalued Dividend Stocks

Try a ready-made strategy

Pick a strategy and jump into the live analysis with that exact screen applied.

🥇 Backtested Best 🏆 Big Names ⭐ Top Rated 💎 Quality on Sale 🚀 Profitable Growth 🧊 Quality Compounders 💵 Dividend Stars 📈 Strong Momentum 📉 Fallen Angels ⚖️ Deeply Undervalued 🔍 Small-Cap Gems 🏰 Moat at a Fair Price 💼 Insider Buying 🎩 Buffett-Style Quality 📚 Peter Lynch GARP 🧮 Greenblatt Magic Formula 🛡️ Graham Defensive

Discover tools

Stock screener Filter by region, size and sector Compare tool Two stocks side by side Extrinsic Value Calculator (Options) Splits an option premium into intrinsic and extrinsic (time) value. Peter Lynch Fair Value Formula & Calculator Apply Peter Lynch's fair value formula in seconds: fair P/E ≈ earnings growth (+ dividend) - free, with formula and example.

Frequently asked questions

Is Bank of China Limited (601988) overvalued or undervalued?
As of Aug 28, 2026, our model estimates a fair value of ¥11.24 versus a price of ¥6.57, about +71% upside (undervalued).
What is the fair value of 601988?
Our model-based fair value for Bank of China Limited is ¥11.24 (as of Aug 28, 2026), built from audited fundamentals. The current price: ¥6.57.
What is the quality score of 601988?
Bank of China Limited has a Quality Score of 58/100. It measures business quality (profitability, growth, cash flow, balance-sheet strength, investment discipline, share issuance). Market factors such as price momentum and volatility do not enter the number; they are shown separately in the detail view.
What is the revenue of Bank of China Limited (601988)?
Bank of China Limited reported trailing-twelve-month revenue of about 567B CNY (latest available figure, as of Aug 28, 2026).
What is the net profit margin of 601988?
The net profit margin of Bank of China Limited is about 43.3%, meaning it keeps roughly 43.3% of revenue as net income. Based on the latest reported figures.
Does Bank of China Limited pay a dividend?
Bank of China Limited currently shows a dividend yield of about 3.44% relative to its recent price (as of Aug 28, 2026).
Free · no account needed

Watch Bank of China Limited in the live analysis

One click puts Bank of China Limited on your watchlist: fair value and trend at a glance, plus comparison, the diversification check and the 35,000+ stock screener. You can also try 14 days of Pro there, no card.

Watch for free →

Zero risk: nothing is ever charged. Your watchlist is yours, with or without an account.